AS1 Underwater Physiology

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1st assignment: AS1 Underwater Physiology Humans cannot compete with air breathing marine mammals, who stay submerged for extended periods of time. However, some experienced divers indicate that special training could allow underwater “free diving” for over an hour. Scientifically, biologists are investigating “hyperventilation” which appears to make free diving possible; however, for a very limited amount of time-and not for an hour or more. How would you respond to an experienced diver who insists that he/she is able to “free dive” for over an hour? Why is this biologically impossible? Detail your answer. How does hyperventilation enhance underwater time? What mechanisms are involved? What effect does hyperventilation have on the neural controls over breathing? What neural controls are involved? Remember to incorporate scientific principles and recent research/studies/examples (other than the text) in your discussion. The report is a minimum of 500-600 words 2nd assignment: AS2 Survival in the water The average person would most likely be appalled if he/she realized his/her only chance of survival would be to drink his/her own urine. Yet, news reports have indicated that these situations, though not common, have definitely occurred and people have survived by drinking their urine when no water is available. There appears to be benefits as well as detrimental effects of drinking urine. Would you drink your urine if water was not available? Based on how urine forms, what potential dangers would this pose? Detail your answer. What benefits does “urine therapy” provide? Detail cultural benefits, not scientifically explained. Pose posible scientific benefits regarding such cultural benefits. In addition, detail current research regarding urine theraphy. What are the scientific explanations behind these benefits? How biologically are these “benefits” provided to the body? Remember to incorporate scientific principles and recent research/studies/examples (other than the text) in your discussion. The report is a minimum of 500-600 words.

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